Tuesday, July 28, 2009

Overeating and the Amygdala


Okay, now, don't go using this an an all-out excuse to have a hot fudge sundae for breakfast tomorrow morning.... but research keeps pointing to neurobiology as a major cause for the urge to overeat.


According to Dr. David Kessler and Passamonti, et al overeating is a biological challenge, not a character flaw. For most people, when they see a tempting snack like a potato chip, the area of the brain called the Amygdala lights up with activity and sends feelings of anticipation and desire. And once they start eating, the region shuts down.


But for an overeater the Amygdala remains activated while eating, creating that feeling of want and coaxing the desire even after 5, 10 or even 50 cookies. This can explain why some who've had gastric bypass find the weight creeping back on. Why others are hungry "all the time". Or why chocoholics like me can't seem to get enough Cadbury in a week. The Amygdala is also connected to emotional regulation and addiction - suggesting that much is knotted in this brain region.


I've always marveled at my mother-in-law who can have one cookie and be satisfied. Or a forkful of cake. Or stop at one potato chip. Yes, that's right. One potato chip. Her Amygdala regulates way better than mine.


But I am way better at Scrabble than she is.


So there.


Passamonti, L., Rowe, J., Schwarzbauer, C., Ewbank, M., von dem Hagen, E., & Calder, A. (2009). Personality Predicts the Brain's Response to Viewing Appetizing Foods: The Neural Basis of a Risk Factor for Overeating Journal of Neuroscience, 29 (1), 43-51 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4966-08.2009

Thursday, July 23, 2009

Aromatherapy Enhances Our Immune System


Scientists in Japan are reporting the first scientific evidence that experiencing certain fragrances can alter gene activity and blood chemistry in ways that reduce stress levels. Their study appears in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

For centuries, people have used lemon, lavender and vanilla, just to name a few, to help reduce stress, fight inflammation and depression - and even induce sleep. But now for the first time,
Linalool, a natural chemical found in flowers and spices, has been shown in this research to positively effect our body.


I'm a big lemon and lavender fan.


What about you?



Nakamura, A., Fujiwara, S., Matsumoto, I., & Abe, K. (2009). Stress Repression in by Linalool Inhalation and Gene Expression Profiling of Their Whole Blood Cells.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57 (12), 5480-5485 DOI: 10.1021/jf900420g


Saturday, July 18, 2009

WHYY Radio Interview on Stigma



On Monday, July 20th, I will be joining Dr. Dan Gottlieb on his wonderful radio show "Voices in the Family" talking about mental health stigma in television media.

As many of you know, addressing stigma has been a large focus of my professional and personal life. In my opinion, the greatest source for addressing stigma is to continually debunk the myths and stereotypes that shadow mental illness.

So if you want to give a listen live, the broadcast starts at noon. You can also send a tweet on Twitter or a direct email if you want to be part of the discussion. They'll also be a link to hear the program after it's aired. And Dr. Justin Richardson, technical advisor for the HBO show In Treatment, will be guesting with me.

So, here's to stamping out stigma.


7/20 UPDATE: Here is the link to the show if you want to listen to it:

Wednesday, July 15, 2009

Ambulatory Monitoring: Know as You Go Technology






We, and our animal friends, might soon be wearing smart clothing that can monitor medical and mental health issues. Wearing such clothing can wirelessly relay information about cardiac health, mood swings, and academic performance - just to name a few.

Awake, asleep, at home, work or school, this technology is limitless. How about smart blankets that can monitor respiration for newborns? Or clothing that can monitor gait changes in the elderly? Special shirts that track the oxygen levels of Firefighters as they battle a blaze? Or the adrenaline flow of a person with Panic Disorder?

For more on the smart clothing trend read here.

Friday, July 10, 2009

Students With Depression Likely To Drop Out Of School



University students with depression are twice as likely as their classmates to drop out of school, new research shows. Not a surprising result, really. Notable, though, was that the depression symptom of loss of interest was directly associated with lower grade point averages and the drop out rate.


I can attest to this. Nearly thirty years ago, I had to take a leave of absence in my second year of university because of depression. And like the trend in the current research, it was when my fatigue and lack of interest surged that I couldn't complete assignments. Then I couldn't make it to classes. And finally I had to take a medical leave to get treatment. I think the only reason I was able to tend to my depression so quickly was that I was a psychology major and recognized the symptoms.
But for the most part, the general population, as well as college age students with depression, do not seek out treatment for their conditions.


"Maybe the biggest reason is only about 50 percent of people with depression say they think they need help," said Dr. David Eisenberg, lead researcher from the University of Michigan. "College students in particular may feel that stress is normal." Stigma walls people in too.


Below is a list provided by All About Depression that describes the various kinds of depressive disorders according to the DSMIV-TR. If you think you are experiencing any of the symptoms below, contact a professional. There's no need to suffer in silence or endure such difficulties.


* Major Depressive Disorder: This illness impairs a person's ability to work, sleep, eat, and function as he or she normally would. It keeps people from enjoying activities that were once pleasurable, and causes them to think about themselves and the world in negative ways. Major depression is often disabling and may occur several times in a person's lifetime. For more information go to Diagnosis: Major Depressive Disorder


* Dysthymic Disorder: A milder yet more enduring type of major depression. People with dysthymia may appear to be chronically mildly depressed to the point that it seems to be a part of their personality. When a person finally seeks treatment for dysthymia, it is not uncommon that he/she has struggled with this condition for a number of years. For more information go to Diagnosis: Dysthymic Disorder


*Bipolar Disorder: Also known as manic-depression or manic-depressive disorder. This condition is characterized by mood that alternates between periods of depression and periods of elation and excitable behavior known as mania (see symptoms below). For people who have bipolar disorder, the depressions can be severe and the mania can seriously impair one's normal judgment. When manic, a person is prone towards reckless and inappropriate behavior such as engaging in wild spending sprees or having promiscuous sex. He or she may not be able to realize the harm of his/her behavior and may even lose touch with reality. For more information go to Diagnosis: Bipolar Disorder


*Cyclothymic Disorder: A milder yet more enduring type of bipolar disorder. A person's mood alternates between a less severe mania (known as hypomania) and a less severe depression. For more information go to Diagnosis: Cyclothymic Disorder


*Mood Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition: Depression may be caused or precipitated by a known or unknown physical medical condition such as hypothyroidism. For more information go to Diagnosis: Mood Disorder Medical


*Substance-Induced Mood Disorder: Depression may be caused or precipitated by the use or abuse of substances such as drugs, alcohol, medications, or toxins. For more information go to Diagnosis: Substance-Induced.


*Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD): This condition affects people during specific times or seasons of the year. During the winter months individuals feel depressed and lethargic, but during other months their moods may be normal. For more information go to Diagnosis: Seasonal Affective Disorder


*Postpartum Depression: A form of depression occurring in women within approximately one week to six months after giving birth to a child. For more information go to Diagnosis: Postpartum Depression


*Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: This is type of depression affecting a small percentage of menstruating women. It is a cyclical condition in which women may feel depressed and irritable for one or two weeks before their menstrual period each month. For more information go to Diagnosis: Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder




Monday, July 06, 2009

10 Things Blockbuster Movies Teach Us About Life




A.O. Scott writes that every movie genre offers teachable moments. Dramas highlight the importance of interpersonal connections. Horror movies impart the need to avoid being reckless and impulsive. Romantic comedies let us see that the "perfect man" is really the narcissitic jerk, while the one you never looked twice at is really your soul mate.

Here is his take on what summer action blockbuster movies teach:

1) Heroes don't always know that they're heroes
2) Heroism is a lonely, thankless vocation
3) When the going gets tough, the rules don't apply
4) It's always personal
5) You can't trust anyone
6) There is always someone you can trust
7) There is always enough time
8) You should never get too comfortable
9) Everything will be okay in the end
10) There is always a sequel



This can parallel life, don't you think?



For the indepth details to this piece, check out Real Simple Magazine